Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 882

会议视频 165

会议信息 1

年份

2024 2

2023 53

2022 122

2021 161

2020 55

2019 67

2018 60

2017 81

2016 72

2015 42

2014 29

2013 25

2012 21

2011 26

2010 29

2009 37

2008 25

2007 26

2006 18

2005 10

展开︾

关键词

农业科学 45

能源 22

发展战略 17

智能制造 16

医学 10

人工智能 8

钢结构 8

2035年 6

可持续发展 6

工程管理 6

抗击疫情 6

中国航天 5

技术预见 5

经济 5

2020全球工程前沿 4

2023全球十大工程成就 4

“走出去” 4

中国铁路“走出去” 4

信息技术 4

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

infections among diarrheal outpatients in Shanghai: a retrospective case study

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 98-103 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0614-3

摘要：

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a foodborne and waterborne pathogen that causes endemic and epidemic human diarrhea worldwide. A few epidemiological studies regarding C. cayetanensis infections in China have been conducted. During 2013, a total of 291 stool specimens were collected from patients with diarrhea at a hospital in urban Shanghai. C. cayetanensis was not detected in any of the stool specimens by traditional microscopy, whereas five stool specimens (1.72%, 5/291) were positive by PCR. These positive cases confirmed by molecular technology were all in the adult group (mean age 27.8 years; 2.94%, 5/170) with watery diarrhea. Marked infection occurred in the rainy season of May and July. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the partial 18S rRNA genes of C. cayetanensis isolated showed intra-species diversity of this parasite. This study showed, for the first time, that C. cayetanensis is a pathogen in outpatients with diarrhea in Shanghai, albeit at a low level. However, the transmission dynamics of this parasite in these patients remain uncertain.

关键词： Cyclospora cayetanensis outpatients with diarrhea stool specimens 18S rRNA gene

HTML PDF 收藏

Validation of

Youfen Xu, Zong Li, Ruyin Liu, Hongxia Liang, Zhisheng Yu, Hongxun Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1246-9

摘要： Abstract • Pig feces is the predominant excrement produced by animal husbandry in China. • The PF, Pig-1-BacTaqMan, and Pig-2-BacTaqMan MST assays showed better performance. • The pig-specific MST assays can contribute to managing the pig fecal pollution. In China, pig feces is the predominant source of excrement produced by animal husbandry. Improper use or direct discharge of pig feces can result in contamination of natural water systems. Microbial source tracking (MST) technology can identify the sources of fecal pollution in environmental water, and contribute to the management of pig fecal pollution by local environmental protection agencies. However, the accuracy of such assays can be context-dependent, and they have not been comprehensively evaluated under Chinese conditions. We aimed to compare the performance of five previously reported pig-specific MST assays (PF, Pig-Bac1SYBR, Pig-Bac2SYBR, Pig-1-BacTaqMan, and Pig-2-BacTaqMan, which are based on Bacteroidales 16S rRNA gene markers) and apply them in two rivers of North China. We collected a total of 173 fecal samples from pigs, cows, goats, chickens, humans, and horses across China. The PF assay optimized in this study showed outstanding qualitative performance and achieved 100% specificity and sensitivity. However, the two SYBR green qPCR assays (Pig-Bac1SYBR and Pig-Bac2SYBR) cross-reacted with most non-pig fecal samples. In contrast, both the Pig-1-BacTaqMan and Pig-2-BacTaqMan assays gave 100% specificity and sensitivity. Of these, the Pig-2-BacTaqMan assay showed higher reproducibility. Our results regarding the specificity of these pig-specific MST assays differ from those reported in Thailand, Japan, and America. Using the PF and Pig-2-BacTaqMan assays, a field test comparing the levels of pig fecal pollution in rivers near a pig farm before and after comprehensive environmental pollution governance indicated that pig fecal pollution was effectively controlled at this location.

关键词： Microbial source tracking Pig fecal pollution 16S rRNA gene markers Pig-specific Bacteroidales

HTML PDF 收藏

Distribution and removal of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic sludge digestion with alkaline, thermal hydrolysis and ultrasonic pretreatments

Mengli Wang, Ruying Li, Qing Zhao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1127-2

摘要：

Sludge digestion is critical to control the spread of ARGs from wastewater to soil.

Fate of ARGs in three pretreatment-AD processes was investigated.

UP was more efficient for ARGs removal than AP and THP in pretreatment-AD process.

The total ARGs concentration showed significant correlation with 16S rRNA gene.

The bacteria carrying ARGs could be mainly affiliated with Proteobacteria.

关键词： Tetracycline resistance genes Sulfonamide resistance genes 16S rRNA gene Sludge pretreatment Anaerobic sludge digestion

HTML PDF 收藏

Effects of cotton straw amendment on soil fertility and microbial communities

Wuren HUANG, Zhihui BAI, Daniel HOEFEL, Qing HU, Xin LV, Guoqiang ZHUANG, Shengjun XU, Hongyan QI, Hongxun ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 336-349 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0337-z

摘要： Maintaining soil fertility, while controlling pollution from excessive chemical fertilizer application is important for keeping soil productivity of sustainable agriculture. Variety of straws have been used and proven to be good soil amendments for increasing soil organic matter (OM) and a range of additional soil nutrients. However, little is known about the utilization of cotton straw for soil amendment. To better understand the mechanism behind cotton straw soil amendments, investigations were performed upon cucumber seedlings, where changes to soil nutrients and microbial communities were investigated. The results revealed that the cotton straw application promoted the cucumber seedling growth by significantly increasing the soil OM, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. The concentration of cotton straw was positively correlated to both the number of the culturable microorganisms and also the total microbial biomass within soil. Furthermore, assessment of cotton straw application using Biolog metabolic profiling and phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed that such application increased the microbial community metabolic activity, and markedly changed the structure of microbial community. 16S rRNA gene clone library construction and phylogenetic analysis of soil bacteria revealed - Proteobacteria sequences dominated the cotton straw amendment soil, comprising 27.8% of the total number of analyzed sequences, while they were less represented in control soil (13.4%). On the contrary, the Sphingobacteria (7.8%) and Verrucomicrobia (2.4%) in the cotton straw amendment soil decreased after application when compared to the control soil 15.2% and 15.2%.

关键词： cotton straw soil amendments microbial diversity Biolog phospholipid fatty acid 16S rRNA gene clone library

HTML PDF 收藏

Diverse bacterial populations of PM in urban and suburb Shanghai, China

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1329-7

摘要：

• Urban aerosols harbour diverse bacterial communities in Shanghai.

关键词： PM_2.5 Bacteria 16S rRNA SEM analysis Shanghai City

HTML PDF 收藏

et’s disease in a Chinese population

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 354-359 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0234-2

摘要：

Beh?et’s disease is defined as a multisystemic inflammatory disease. Although the precise pathogenesis and etiology is still a mystery, accumulating evidence shows that genetic variants of immune-related genes have a profound influence on the development of Beh?et’s disease. To explore the genetic factors for Beh?et’s disease, our group investigated the association of Beh?et’s disease with multiple immune response genes and has identified multiple Beh?et’s disease-related immunoregulatory pathways in the Chinese Han population. A large number of gene polymorphisms were studied including STAT4, IL23R, CD40, CCR1/CCR3, STAT3, OPN, IL17, JAK2, MCP-1, CTLA4, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TGRBR3, CCR6, PTPN22, FCRL3, IRF5, SUMO4 and UBAC2. Significant associations were found between Beh?et’s disease and STAT4, IL23R, CD40, CCR1/CCR3, STAT3, MCP-1, TGFBR3, FCRL3, SUMO4, UBAC2. These genetic predisposition studies support an important role for both lymphocyte differentiation as well as ubiquitination pathways. These findings are helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of Beh?et’s disease and hopefully will allow the development of novel treatment regimes.

关键词： Beh?et’s disease SNPs immune gene genetic study

HTML PDF 收藏

Determination of growth kinetics of microorganisms linked with 1,4-dioxane degradation in a consortium based on two improved methods

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1567-y

摘要：

● Evaluated three methods for determining the consortia’s growth kinetics.

关键词： Biodegradation 1 4-Dioxane Kinetics Microbial consortium 16S rRNA

HTML PDF 收藏

Effect of pH on biologic degradation of

Hongjing LI, Mengli HAO, Jingxian LIU, Chen CHEN, Zhengqiu FAN, Xiangrong WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 224-230 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0314-6

摘要： In this paper, the effect of pH on biological degradation of by alga-lysing bacteria in laboratory-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) was investigated. After 10 d filming with waste activated sludge, the biological film could be formed, and the bioreactors in which laid polyolefin resin filler were used to treat algal culture. By comparing the removal efficiency of chlorophyll at different aerobic time, the optimum time was determined as 5 h. Under pH 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5 conditions, the removal rates of were respectively 75.9%, 83.6%, and 78.3% (in term of chlorophyll ), and that of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD ) were 30.6%, 35.8%, and 33.5%. While the removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen ( ) were all 100%. It was observed that the sequence of the removal efficiencies of algae, and organic matter were pH 7.5>pH 8.5>pH 6.5. The results showed that the dominant alga-lysing bacteria in the SBBRs was strain HM-01, which was identified as sp. by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis, and comparison with sequences in the GenBank nucleotide database. The algicidal activated substance which HM-01 strain excreted could withstand high temperature and pressure, also had better hydrophily and stronger polarity.

关键词： pH biological degradation alga-lysing bacteria sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) 16S rRNA Bacillus sp

HTML PDF 收藏

基于多层网络随机块模型的多重社交关系量化方法 Science Letter

吴旻诚,李振,邵存祺,贺诗波

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第11期页码 1458-1462 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000617

摘要：在线社交网络使世界各地的人们能够方便地建立各种社交关系，受到极大关注。但是，观测到的社交网络结构往往是多种社交关系的聚合结构。因此，通过观测到的单层结构完整地重构真实网络的多重结构非常重要。本文通过多层网络随机块模型描述多重社交关系，其中不同层对应不同属性（例如，社交网络用户的年龄和性别）。本文旨在利用最大似然估计提高模型参数估计精度，其中估计精度由数据和模型参数之间的交叉熵定义。在本文中，多重网络中每一层节点的分类由其自然属性决定，并且假设多重网络的单层聚合结构已知。由于原多重网络具有较高自由度，因此通过添加一个独立的功能层增加模型参数，以充分覆盖自由度，并在理论上获得功能层的最佳分块数。最后，通过仿真实验，从链接概率误差、交叉熵、接收者操作特征曲线以及贝叶斯因子4个角度验证了本文方法的有效性。

关键词：社交网络；多重网络；随机块模型

HTML PDF 收藏

18"> Interfacial Forces and Surface Interaction Mechanisms in Petroleum Production Processes" [Engineering 18 Erratum

Diling Yang,Xuwen Peng,Qiongyao Peng,Tao Wang,Chenyu Qiao,Ziqian Zhao,Lu Gong,Yueliang Liu,Hao Zhang,Hongbo Zeng

《工程（英文）》 2023年第22卷第3期页码 233-233 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.001

HTML PDF 18');" id="collect_36237"> 收藏

A local density optimization method based on a graph convolutional network

Hao Wang, Li-yan Dong, Tie-hu Fan, Ming-hui Sun,wanghao18@mails.jlu.edu.cn,dongly@jlu.edu.cn,fth@jlu.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第12期页码 1671-1814 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900663

摘要： Success has been obtained using a semi-supervised graph analysis method based on a (GCN). However, GCN ignores some local information at each node in the graph, so that data preprocessing is incomplete and the model generated is not accurate enough. Thus, in the case of numerous unsupervised models based on technology, local node information is important. In this paper, we apply a local analysis method based on the similar neighbor hypothesis to a GCN, and propose a definition; we call this method LDGCN. The LDGCN algorithm processes the input data of GCN in two methods, i.e., the unbalanced and balanced methods. Thus, the optimized input data contains detailed local node information, and then the model generated is accurate after training. We also introduce the implementation of the LDGCN algorithm through the principle of GCN, and use three mainstream datasets to verify the effectiveness of the LDGCN algorithm (i.e., the Cora, Citeseer, and Pubmed datasets). Finally, we compare the performances of several mainstream graph analysis algorithms with that of the LDGCN algorithm. Experimental results show that the LDGCN algorithm has better performance in node classification tasks.

HTML PDF 收藏

Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia with masses and osteolytic lesions: finding of 18F-FDG

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 440-444 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0523-x

摘要：

Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia is controversial and difficult to distinguish from the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. As a myeloid neoplasm, rare cases of this leukemia manifest multiple soft-tissue tumors or bone lytic lesions. In this paper, we describe a 49-year-old male patient who had an abrupt onset with sharp chest pain, fever, fatigue, emaciation, and splenomegaly. 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) result showed diffuse and uneven hypermetabolic lesions in the bone marrow with peripheral bone marrow expansion, multiple soft tissue neoplasms with high 18F-FDG uptake, and lytic bone lesions. Bone marrow smear and biopsy detected aberrant blast cells expressing myeloid rather than lymphoid immunophenotype marker. For the existence of Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL1 fusion gene together with complex chromosome abnormalities, a diagnosis of Philadelphia-positive acute myeloid leukemia was made, although the type (de novo or blast crisis) remained unclear.

关键词： Philadelphia chromosome acute myeloid leukemia mass osteolysis positron emission tomography

HTML PDF 收藏

人类遗传病的家系收集疾病基因定位克隆与疾病基因功能的研究

夏家辉

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第11期页码 1-11

摘要：

介绍了中国医学遗传学国家重点实验室在遗传病家系收集、疾病基因定位、疾病基因克隆和疾病基因功能研究方面的研究工作。用细胞遗传学G显带技术于1975年发现了一条与鼻咽癌相关的标记染色体t（1；3）（q44；p11）；1981年将睾丸决定基因（TDF）定位于Yp11.32带；1991年以来收集遗传病家系345种共590个；1996年用显微切割、PCR、微克隆技术克隆了EXT2基因；1998年用基因家族-候选疾病基因克隆方法克隆了遗传性神经性耳聋基因GJB3；1999年用连锁分析和全基因组扫描将一种遗传性弥漫性浅表性光敏性汗孔角化症定位于12q23.2带，并在基因功能研究中发现了一个新的细胞内转运蛋白。

关键词：遗传病家系基因定位和克隆基因家族-候选疾病基因克隆基因组扫描基因功能研究

HTML PDF 收藏

Molecular engineering of dendrimer nanovectors for siRNA delivery and gene silencing

Yu Cao, Xiaoxuan Liu, Ling Peng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 663-675 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1623-5

摘要： Small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics hold great promise to treat a variety of diseases, as long as they can be delivered safely and effectively into cells. Dendrimers are appealing vectors for siRNA delivery by virtue of their well-defined molecular architecture and multivalent cooperativity. However, the clinical translation of RNA therapeutics mediated by dendrimer delivery is hampered by the lack of dendrimers that are of high quality to meet good manufacturing practice standard. In this context, we have developed small amphiphilic dendrimers that self-assemble into supramolecular structures, which mimic high-generation dendrimers synthesized with covalent construction, yet are easy to produce in large amount and superior quality. Indeed, the concept of supramolecular dendrimers has proved to be very promising, and has opened up a new avenue for dendrimer-mediated siRNA delivery. A series of self-assembling supramolecular dendrimers have consequently been established, some of them out-performing the currently available nonviral vectors in delivering siRNA to various cell types and , including human primary cells and stem cells. This short review presents a brief introduction to RNAi therapeutics, the obstacles to their delivery and the advantages of dendrimer delivery vectors as well as our bio-inspired structurally flexible dendrimers for siRNA delivery. We then highlight our efforts in creating self-assembling amphiphilic dendrimers to construct supramolecular dendrimer nanosystems for effective siRNA delivery as well as the related structural alterations to enhance delivery efficiency. The advent of self-assembling supramolecular dendrimer nanovectors holds great promise and heralds a new era of dendrimer-mediated delivery of RNA therapeutics in biomedical applications.

关键词： gene therapy RNAi therapeutics dendrimer nanovectors gene silencing

HTML PDF 收藏

一种新的基于卷积神经网络的人群计数方法 Research Articles

黄杰浩,遆晓光,吴俊德,陈瑷玥

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第8期页码 1119-1266 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900282

摘要：人群密度估计是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为人群中人头大小存在大范围变化。现有方法均采用多列式结构卷积神经网络去适应这种变化，但会导致密度图上不同密度区域产生平均效应并引入额外噪声。为解决该问题，提出一种新的基于分割先验图的神经网络方法，在分割图基础上生成一个高质量且没有噪声的密度图。该网络主要包括两个部分，即头部的人群前景分割神经网络和尾部的人群回归神经网络。在数据集只提供单点人头标记的情况下，采用均匀函数生成人群头部的掩膜真值图。基于该真值图，前景分割网络输出人群分割图，可有效减少密度图中无人区域噪声。将人群分割图输入人群回归网络，后者能生成高质量人群密度图并提供准确的人数估计。在4个公开数据集（即ShanghaiTech、UCF-CC-50、WorldExpo’10和UCSD）上验证了所提方法有效性；其中，在ShanghaiTech part B和UCF-CC-50两个数据集上该方法取得了当前最好结果。

关键词：人群计数；密度估计；分割先验图；均匀函数

HTML PDF 收藏

标题作者时间类型操作

infections among diarrheal outpatients in Shanghai: a retrospective case study

null

期刊论文

Validation of

Youfen Xu, Zong Li, Ruyin Liu, Hongxia Liang, Zhisheng Yu, Hongxun Zhang

期刊论文

Distribution and removal of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic sludge digestion with alkaline, thermal hydrolysis and ultrasonic pretreatments

Mengli Wang, Ruying Li, Qing Zhao

期刊论文

Effects of cotton straw amendment on soil fertility and microbial communities

Wuren HUANG, Zhihui BAI, Daniel HOEFEL, Qing HU, Xin LV, Guoqiang ZHUANG, Shengjun XU, Hongyan QI, Hongxun ZHANG

期刊论文

Diverse bacterial populations of PM in urban and suburb Shanghai, China

期刊论文

et’s disease in a Chinese population

null

期刊论文

Determination of growth kinetics of microorganisms linked with 1,4-dioxane degradation in a consortium based on two improved methods

期刊论文